Science Olympiad Dynamic Planet Practice Test

Who was the first to provide evidence for glaciers in tropical regions?

1. James Hutton

2. Brian Harland

3. Charles Lyell

4. Alfred Wegener

The correct answer is: Brian Harland

Brian Harland was a pioneering geologist who provided crucial evidence for the existence of glaciers in tropical regions. His research significantly altered the understanding of past climate conditions, particularly through the study of ancient glacial deposits found in what are now tropical areas. In the mid-20th century, Harland examined rock formations and sediment samples that indicated glacial activity despite their current location in warm climates. He specifically focused on the geological record in places like the southern hemisphere, identifying tillites and striations that suggested these areas were once covered by ice sheets during glacial periods. This work was instrumental in demonstrating that climate has varied dramatically over geologic time and that even now tropical regions can reveal remnants of past glacial activity. This evidence is pivotal in understanding Earth's climatic history, including the mechanisms of climate change and their effects on glacial dynamics. Harland's findings have laid the groundwork for further exploration into paleoenvironmental conditions, showcasing how global climatic conditions can influence regions far from the poles.