Science Olympiad Dynamic Planet Practice Test

Which type of boundary is characterized by two plates sliding past each other?

1. Transform Boundary

2. Convergent Boundary

3. Divergent Boundary

4. Subduction Boundary

The correct answer is: Transform Boundary

The type of boundary characterized by two tectonic plates sliding past each other is known as a transform boundary. In this system, the movement is lateral, meaning that the plates move horizontally relative to one another. This sliding motion can lead to significant seismic activity, as the plates become locked together due to friction and then release energy when they slip, which causes earthquakes. Transform boundaries are found in several notable locations around the world, such as the San Andreas Fault in California. Unlike convergent boundaries, where plates collide and can form mountains or cause subduction, or divergent boundaries, where plates move apart and create new ocean floor, transform boundaries specifically involve horizontal motion. Subduction boundaries, which typically involve one plate being forced under another, are also distinct from the sliding action seen in transform boundaries. Understanding the characteristics of these boundary types helps to illustrate the dynamic nature of the Earth's lithosphere and the processes that lead to geological activity.