Science Olympiad Dynamic Planet Practice Test

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Which term refers to a volcano that is not currently active but could erupt again?

Active
Dormant
Extinct
Shield

The correct answer is: Dormant

A volcano that is not currently active but has the potential to erupt again is classified as dormant. This term specifically indicates that while the volcano has not erupted in a significant length of time, there is still a possibility of future eruptions. Dormant volcanoes can remain in this state for hundreds or thousands of years before becoming active again. In contrast, active volcanoes are those that have had recent eruptions or are currently erupting. Extinct volcanoes, on the other hand, are those that scientists believe will not erupt again due to a lack of magma supply and are considered to have completely ceased volcanic activity. The term "shield" refers to a specific type of volcano that has a broad, shield-like shape, formed from low-viscosity lava flows, and it does not categorize the volcano's activity status. Thus, dormant is the correct term to describe a volcano that could potentially erupt again in the future.