Science Olympiad Dynamic Planet Practice Test

Which scientist proposed the theory of continental drift in 1912?

1. Alfred Wegener

2. James Hutton

3. Charles Lyell

4. Isaac Asimov

The correct answer is: Alfred Wegener

Alfred Wegener proposed the theory of continental drift in 1912, presenting the idea that continents were once joined together in a single landmass called Pangaea before breaking apart and drifting to their current locations. This revolutionary concept altered the understanding of Earth's geological history and laid the groundwork for the later development of plate tectonics. Wegener's theory was based on evidence from various fields, including geology, paleontology, and climatology. He noted similarities in rock formations and fossil distributions across continents, suggesting that continents were once connected. This significant contribution highlighted the dynamic nature of Earth's surface and the interconnectedness of its landmasses through geological time. The other scientists mentioned in the choices contributed to different areas of science. James Hutton is known for his work in geology and the principle of uniformitarianism, which suggests that the processes shaping the Earth today have acted in similar ways throughout its history. Charles Lyell expanded upon Hutton’s ideas in his own geological studies and works, promoting the concept of deep time in geology. Isaac Asimov was a prolific science fiction writer as well as a biochemist, known for his contributions to popular science rather than the field of geology.