Science Olympiad Dynamic Planet Practice Test

What type of rock is formed through the transformation of other rocks, like igneous and sedimentary?

1. Igneous

2. Metamorphic

3. Magmatic

4. Sedimentary

The correct answer is: Metamorphic

Metamorphic rocks are formed through the transformation of pre-existing rocks, which can include igneous, sedimentary, or even other metamorphic rocks. This transformation occurs due to changes in temperature, pressure, and the presence of chemically active fluids, resulting in new mineral formations and textures. For instance, limestone, a sedimentary rock, can metamorphose into marble, while granite, an igneous rock, can become gneiss under sufficient heat and pressure. The process involves changes in the mineral composition and texture without the rock melting, distinguishing metamorphic rocks from igneous rocks, which are formed from the cooling and solidification of molten material, and sedimentary rocks, which form from the accumulation of sediments. Thus, the metamorphic category accurately reflects the origin and characteristics of these rocks formed from the transformation of others.