Science Olympiad Dynamic Planet Practice Test

What major geological event led to the formation of Pannotia?

1. Formation of mountain ranges

2. Pan-African orogeny

3. Opening of new oceans

4. Impact events

The correct answer is: Pan-African orogeny

The formation of Pannotia, which was a supercontinent that existed during the late Precambrian period, was primarily associated with the Pan-African orogeny. This geological event involved significant tectonic activity, including mountain-building processes and the collision of landmasses. It played a crucial role in assembling the landmasses that eventually formed Pannotia around 600 million years ago. During the Pan-African orogeny, older continental fragments were fused together, leading to the creation of a large, connected landmass. This orogenic activity also influenced the configuration of ocean basins and facilitated the integration of various regions that were previously separate. As these tectonic processes unfolded, they contributed to the overall geological framework necessary for the emergence of Pannotia as a coherent supercontinent. Understanding the Pan-African orogeny is essential for grasping the broader context of continental drift and the formation of supercontinents throughout Earth’s history. This context sets the stage for later developments in the geological timeline, including the eventual breakup of Pannotia into smaller continents.